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USING PHOTOSHOP ELEMENTS 8
Using layers
Last updated 7/26/2011
More Help topics
“Understanding layers” on page 49
“About layer clipping masks” on page 67
Merge layers
Layers can greatly increase the file size of an image. Merging layers in an image reduces file size. You should merge
layers only after you have finished manipulating them to create the image you want.
Example of merging
You can choose to merge only the linked layers, only the visible layers, only a layer with the layer below it, or only
selected layers. You can also merge the contents of all visible layers into a selected layer, yet not delete the other visible
layers (in this case, there is no reduction in file size).
When you complete work on an image, you can flatten it. Flattening merges all visible layers, discards all hidden layers,
and fills transparent areas with white.
1 Go to the Layers panel and make sure that an eye icon appears next to each of the layers you want to merge.
2 Do one of the following:
• To merge selected layers, select more than one layer by holding down the Command key and clicking each layer.
Then choose Merge Layers from the Layers panel More menu.
• To merge a layer with the one below, select the top layer of the pair and choose Merge Down from either the Layer
menu or the Layers panel More menu.
Note: If the bottom layer in the pair is a shape, type, or fill layer, you must simplify the layer. If the bottom layer in the
pair is linked to another layer or is an adjustment layer, you can’t choose Merge Down.
• To merge all visible layers, hide any layers you don’t want to merge and choose Merge Visible from the Layer menu
or Layers panel More menu.
- ELEMENTS 8 EDITOR 1
- PHOTOSHOP 1
- Contents 4
- Chapter 1: Getting started 7
- New and enhanced features 8
- Working in Photoshop Elements 9
- Editing photos 10
- Creating photo composites 11
- About the workspace 15
- Context menus 17
- About the toolbox 18
- Toolbox overview 19
- Set tool preferences 20
- Set tool options 20
- Panels and bins 21
- Work with panels 22
- The Panel Bin 23
- Work with the Panel Bin 24
- Use the Project Bin 24
- Undo, redo, and cancel 25
- Restore default preferences 26
- Scratch disks and plug-ins 27
- Install plug-in modules 28
- Chapter 3: Import photos 29
- Cameras and card readers 30
- Scanners 32
- About preview files 33
- Get photos from a CD or DVD 33
- Get photos from video 34
- Chapter 4: Working with files 35
- Open a PDF file 36
- Open an EPS file 37
- Process multiple files 38
- Managing and organizing files 39
- Stacking files 40
- Viewing images 41
- Display an image at 100% 42
- Fit an image to the screen 42
- Using the Navigator panel 43
- Guides, grids, and rulers 44
- Saving and exporting images 45
- File formats for saving 46
- Set file-saving preferences 50
- Guided Edit 51
- The Line Drawing Guided Edit 54
- Chapter 5: Using layers 55
- About the Layers panel 56
- Adding layers 57
- Editing layers 59
- Lock or unlock a layer 60
- Rename a layer 60
- Simplify a layer 61
- Delete a layer 61
- Copying and arranging layers 62
- Move the content in a layer 63
- Link and unlink layers 64
- Merge layers 65
- Opacity and blending modes 66
- Adjustment and fill layers 68
- Create adjustment layers 69
- Create fill layers 70
- Merging adjustment layers 71
- Edit the layer masks 71
- Layer masks 73
- Layer styles 74
- Work with layer styles 75
- Chapter 6: Camera raw files 78
- Settings and controls 81
- Color and camera raw 82
- Making selections 86
- About the selection tools 87
- Use the Lasso tool 88
- Use the Polygonal Lasso tool 88
- Use the Magnetic Lasso tool 89
- Use the Magic Wand tool 90
- Use the Quick Selection tool 91
- Use the Selection Brush tool 91
- Use the Magic Extractor 92
- Delete a selected area 94
- Modifying selections 95
- Defringe a selection 98
- Moving and copying selections 100
- Copying selections or layers 101
- Saving selections 102
- Modify a saved selection 103
- Last updated 7/26/2011 104
- Correct color in Quick Fix 105
- Color correction overview 105
- Quick Fix preview 106
- USING PHOTOSHOP ELEMENTS 8 107
- More Help topics 108
- Correcting color in Full Edit 109
- About histograms 111
- View a histogram 113
- Adjusting shadows and light 114
- Apply the Smart Brush tools 115
- About Levels adjustments 116
- Correcting color casts 121
- Adjust color curves 124
- Adjust saturation and hue 125
- Adjustment slider 126
- D. Moves entire slider 126
- Adjust the color of skin tone 127
- Change the color of an object 128
- Adjustment filters 131
- Apply the Invert filter 132
- Apply the Posterize filter 132
- Apply the Threshold filter 133
- Apply the Photo filter 134
- Setting press target values 135
- Cropping 138
- Crop to a selection boundary 139
- Use the Cookie Cutter tool 140
- Change the size of the canvas 140
- Straighten an image 141
- Image size and resolution 143
- 15" 144
- 20" 144
- Resample an image 145
- Retouching 146
- Fix large imperfections 147
- Replace colors in an image 150
- Blur or soften edges 150
- Correct camera distortion 151
- Use Photomerge Group Shot 153
- Use Photomerge Faces 154
- Use Photomerge Scene Cleaner 155
- Photomerge Exposure 157
- Automatic Photomerge Exposure 158
- Manual Photomerge Exposure 158
- Sharpening 159
- Use the Unsharp Mask filter 161
- Transforming 162
- Freely rotate an item 163
- Scale an item 164
- Skew or distort an item 164
- Apply perspective to an item 165
- Freely transform an item 165
- Recomposing 166
- Recompose options 169
- Understanding color 170
- RGB model 171
- Color wheel 171
- About image modes 172
- Setting up color management 177
- Set up color management 178
- Using the Effects panel 179
- Using the Content panel 179
- About photo effects 182
- Apply an effect 182
- Add stylized text to an image 183
- About filters 184
- Apply a filter 185
- Filter categories 186
- Filter Gallery 187
- Artistic filters 189
- Blur filters 191
- Brush Stroke filters 192
- Distort filters 193
- Ocean Ripple 195
- Polar Coordinates 195
- Spherize 196
- Apply the Wave filter 197
- Apply the ZigZag filter 197
- Noise filters 198
- Pixelate filters 199
- Render filters 200
- Texture Fill 202
- Sketch filters 203
- Stylize filters 204
- Find Edges 205
- Glowing Edges 205
- Solarize 205
- Texture filters 206
- Video filters 207
- Other filters 207
- Plug-in filters 208
- Digimarc filter 208
- Detect the Digimarc filter 209
- Chapter 12: Painting 210
- About blending modes 211
- Choosing colors 214
- Use the Color Swatches panel 216
- Use the Adobe Color Picker 217
- Painting tools 218
- Use the Pencil tool 219
- Smart Brush tools 221
- Use the Smudge tool 221
- Use the Eraser tool 222
- Use the Magic Eraser tool 222
- Setting up brushes 225
- Delete a brush 227
- Fills and strokes 229
- Patterns 230
- Use the Pattern Stamp tool 231
- Gradients 232
- Apply a gradient 233
- Apply gradient fill to text 234
- Define a gradient 234
- Specify gradient transparency 235
- Presets and libraries 236
- Use preset tool options 237
- Use the Preset Manager 238
- Rename a preset 239
- Add and edit text 240
- Type tool options 241
- Edit type in a type layer 242
- Align text 242
- Select characters 242
- Choose a font size 243
- Change text color 244
- Create and use masked type 244
- Warp type 245
- Work with Asian type 246
- Creating shapes 247
- Draw a circle or ellipse 248
- Draw a multisided shape 249
- Draw a line or arrow 249
- Draw a custom shape 250
- Editing shapes 251
- Chapter 14: Making projects 253
- About photo collages 256
- About Photo Books 256
- About greeting cards 257
- About CD and DVD jackets 257
- About CD and DVD labels 257
- Editing photo projects 259
- Making digital projects 262
- Creating slide shows 263
- Stitching together panoramas 263
- Use the Photomerge dialog box 264
- Change the vanishing point 265
- Optimizing images 267
- About the JPEG format 269
- About the GIF format 270
- About the PNG-8 format 270
- About the PNG-24 format 271
- About animated GIFs 271
- Optimize as JPEG 272
- Optimize as PNG-24 274
- Create an animated GIF 274
- Using transparency and mattes 275
- Dithering in web images 277
- Control dither in web images 278
- Preview dither 278
- Previewing web images 279
- Preview an animation 280
- Printing photos 281
- Use Photo Prints 283
- Print multilayer images 283
- Print a contact sheet 283
- Print a picture package 284
- Sharing photos 285
- Send photos by e-mail 286
- Set e-mail preferences 286
- Burn media files to CD/DVD 286
- Shortcuts 287
- Keys for painting and brushes 290
- Keys for using text 291
- Keys for the Layers panel 292
- Keys for using blending modes 292
- Keys for the Info panel 293
- Keys for the Filter Gallery 294
- Keys for the Liquify filter 294
- Chapter 18: Glossary 296
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