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USING INDESIGN CS4
Typography
• Right-click (Windows) or Command-click (Mac OS) the selection, and then choose Convert Numbering To Text
or Convert Bullets To Text.
Note: To remove the list numbers or bullets, click the Numbered List button or Bulleted List button to unapply list
formatting to the selected text.
See also
“Convert style bullets and numbering to text” on page 188
Text composition
Compose text
The appearance of text on your page depends on a complex interaction of processes called composition. Using the word
spacing, letterspacing, glyph scaling, and hyphenation options you’ve selected, InDesign composes your type in a way
that best supports the specified parameters.
InDesign offers two composition methods: Adobe Paragraph Composer (the default) and Adobe Single-line
Composer (both are available from the Control panel menu). You can select which composer to use from the
Paragraph panel menu, the Justification dialog box, or the Control panel menu.
For a video tutorial on working with text, see www.adobe.com/go/vid0075.
See also
Working with Text video
“Change Justification settings” on page 266
“Justify text next to wrap objects” on page 215
Composition methods
InDesign offers two composition methods: Adobe Paragraph Composer (the default) and Adobe Single-line
Composer. Both composition methods evaluate possible breaks, and choose those that best support the hyphenation
and justification options you’ve specified for a given paragraph.
The Adobe Paragraph Composer
Considers a network of breakpoints for an entire paragraph, and thus can optimize earlier lines in the paragraph in
order to eliminate especially unattractive breaks later on. Paragraph composition results in more even spacing with
fewer hyphens.
The Paragraph Composer approaches composition by identifying possible breakpoints, evaluating them, and
assigning a weighted penalty to them based on such principles as evenness of letterspacing, word spacing, and
hyphenation.
You can use the Hyphenation dialog box to determine the relationship between better spacing and fewer hyphens. (See
“Hyphenate text” on page 264.)
The Adobe Single-line Composer
Offers a traditional approach to composing text one line at a time. This option is useful if you want to restrict
composition changes from late-stage edits.
Updated 18 June 2009
- INDESIGN 1
- Chapter 1: Resources 9
- Help and support 10
- Printed resources 11
- Support resources 11
- InDesign video tutorials 12
- Getting started in InDesign 14
- What’s new 15
- Text and tables improvements 17
- Interactivity features 19
- Extensive integration 19
- User interface enhancements 21
- Chapter 2: Workspace 22
- Workspace 23
- Hide or show all panels 24
- Display panel options 24
- Reconfigure the Tools panel 24
- Manage Document windows 25
- Dock and undock panels 25
- Move panels 26
- Add and remove panels 26
- Manipulate panel groups 27
- Stack floating panels 27
- Resize panels 27
- Restore the default workspace 28
- Save a custom workspace 29
- Display or switch workspaces 29
- Delete a custom workspace 29
- Using the status bar 30
- Control panel overview 30
- Display the panel menu 31
- Create a custom menu set 32
- Select a custom menu set 33
- Show hidden menu items 33
- View shortcuts 34
- Create a new shortcut set 34
- Create or redefine a shortcut 34
- Toolbox overview 35
- Display the toolbox 36
- Display tool options 36
- Change the toolbox layout 37
- Zoom in or out 40
- Use power zoom 41
- Zoom to Actual Size 41
- Scroll the view 41
- Turn pages 42
- Work with additional windows 42
- Greek type 43
- Working with ConnectNow 45
- Setting preferences 46
- Set defaults 47
- Find recovered documents 48
- Undo mistakes 49
- Create a new document 51
- New Document options 51
- Document window overview 52
- Creating custom page sizes 53
- Define document presets 53
- Change document setup 54
- Create unequal column widths 55
- Rulers and measurement units 56
- Show or hide rulers 57
- Adjust the zero point 58
- Change the default zero point 59
- Measure angles 59
- Display the Info panel 60
- Determine the word count 60
- Set up a baseline grid 61
- Set up a document grid 62
- Show or hide grids 62
- Ruler guides 63
- Create a ruler guide 64
- Show or hide guides 65
- Select ruler guides 65
- Move ruler guides 66
- Delete ruler guides 66
- Customize ruler guides 66
- Lock or unlock ruler guides 66
- Default stacking order 67
- Turn smart guides on or off 68
- Tips for using Smart Guides 68
- Pages and spreads 69
- Add new pages to a document 70
- Move pages by dragging 71
- Duplicate a page or spread 71
- Control spread pagination 72
- Create a multiple-page spread 73
- Redistribute pages 73
- Rotate the spread view 74
- A • Section 76
- 8 • Hibiscus 76
- Create masters 77
- Edit the layout of a master 78
- Change master page options 78
- Apply master pages 79
- Copy masters 80
- Override a master item 81
- Detach a master item 81
- Reapply master items 82
- Hide master items 82
- About layers 83
- Create layers 84
- Specify layer options 84
- Add objects to layers 85
- 4 Choose Edit > Paste 86
- Duplicate a layer 87
- Change the order of layers 87
- Show or hide layers 87
- Set a layer as nonprinting 88
- Lock or unlock layers 88
- Delete layers 88
- Merge layers in a document 88
- Laying out frames and pages 89
- Show or hide frame edges 90
- Layout Adjustment options 92
- Add basic page numbering 93
- Define section numbering 95
- Define sections in a document 96
- Document numbering options 97
- Create headers and footers 98
- Create or edit text variables 100
- Variable types 100
- USING INDESIGN CS4 101
- Updated 18 June 2009 101
- Delete text variables 103
- Use the Open command 107
- Open recent document 107
- About Adobe Bridge 108
- Adobe Version Cue 109
- Save a document as a template 110
- Open a sample template 110
- Edit an existing template 110
- Saving documents 111
- See also 112
- Work with metadata 113
- Convert PageMaker documents 117
- Exporting 119
- Export to JPEG format 120
- Exporting content for the web 121
- Export content to Dreamweaver 121
- XHTML export options 122
- 1 Do either of the following: 123
- Export content to SWF 125
- Export content to XFL 126
- Chapter 5: Text 128
- Move a text frame 129
- Resize a text frame 129
- Add columns to a text frame 131
- First baseline offset options 132
- Type text in a document 134
- Insert placeholder text 135
- Drag and drop text 136
- Place (import) text 136
- About import filters 137
- Text-file import options 139
- Tagged-text import options 140
- Threading text 141
- Add a new frame to the thread 142
- Unthread text frames 143
- Cut a frame from a thread 143
- Delete a frame from a thread 144
- Flow text manually 144
- Flow text semi-automatically 145
- Flow text automatically 145
- Editing text 146
- List of hidden characters 147
- Break options 149
- Use the Story Editor 150
- Open the Story Editor 151
- Return to the layout window 151
- Story Editor preferences 151
- Use conditional text 152
- Create conditions 154
- Apply conditions to text 155
- Show or hide conditions 155
- Use condition sets 155
- Manage conditions 156
- Find/Change 157
- Find and change text 158
- Common Find/Change techniques 159
- Search using GREP expressions 160
- GREP search examples 161
- 206 555 3982 = $1 $2 $3 163
- Additional GREP examples 163
- Metacharacters for searching 164
- Find and change objects 168
- Find and change glyphs 168
- Find and change fonts 169
- Search using queries 170
- Save queries 171
- Delete queries 171
- Load queries 171
- Open the Glyphs panel 172
- Change the Glyphs panel view 172
- Filter the glyphs that appear 172
- Insert special characters 173
- Insert a recently used glyph 173
- Clear recently used glyphs 173
- • Select a glyph on the menu 174
- Create a custom glyph set 175
- View a custom glyph set 175
- Edit custom glyph sets 175
- Delete custom glyph sets 176
- Save and load glyph sets 176
- White space options 177
- Set spelling preferences 178
- Check spelling 178
- Use dynamic spelling 179
- Add words to dictionaries 182
- Change dictionary preferences 183
- Export a word list 183
- Import a word list 183
- Footnotes 184
- Footnote layout options 186
- Delete footnotes 187
- Work with footnote text 187
- Chapter 6: Styles 189
- Styles panel overview 190
- Apply styles 192
- Apply a character style 193
- Apply a paragraph style 193
- Drop caps and nested styles 197
- Create nested styles 198
- Create nested line styles 199
- Loop through nested styles 200
- Stan Macoo - 9 & 11pm 201
- End a nested style 202
- Open the Object Style panel 204
- Object style categories 205
- Clear object style overrides 206
- Rename an object style 207
- Edit object styles 207
- Delete an object style 207
- Redefine an object style 208
- Import object styles 208
- Create a style group 209
- Copy styles to a group 209
- Delete style groups 209
- Move and reorder styles 210
- Anchored objects 211
- Create an anchored object 212
- Combining text and objects 213
- Custom position options 214
- 10 Click OK 218
- Wrapping text around objects 219
- Create an inverted text wrap 221
- Creating type on a path 224
- Delete type from a path 225
- Slide type along a path 226
- Flip type on a path 226
- Chapter 8: Typography 229
- Use Quick Apply 231
- Using fonts 232
- Specify a typeface size 233
- Previewing fonts 233
- OpenType fonts 233
- Installing OpenType fonts 234
- OpenType font attributes 235
- Make missing fonts available 236
- CORDELIA: We are not the 237
- Kerning and tracking 238
- Use metrics kerning 239
- Use optical kerning 239
- Adjust kerning manually 240
- Adjust tracking 240
- Formatting characters 241
- 10 th 1/2 10 241
- Assign a language to text 244
- Change capitalization 245
- Scale type 246
- Formatting paragraphs 247
- Create a drop cap 248
- Remove a drop cap 248
- Placement of rules 249
- Remove a paragraph rule 250
- Create hanging punctuation 251
- Aligning text 252
- Create balanced headline text 253
- 1 Do one of the following: 254
- Open the Tabs dialog box 255
- Set tabs 256
- Move a tab setting 257
- Delete a tab setting 257
- Add tab leaders 258
- Insert right indent tabs 258
- Set indents 259
- Reset indents 260
- Create a hanging indent 260
- Use Indent To Here 261
- Bullets and numbering 262
- Change the bullet character 264
- Cooking Instructions 264
- Add a bullet character 265
- Remove a bullet character 265
- Define a list 266
- Edit a defined list 267
- Delete a defined list 267
- Create multi-level lists 268
- Composition methods 271
- Set composition preferences 272
- Adjust hyphenation manually 272
- Prevent text from breaking 273
- Create a nonbreaking hyphen 273
- Create a nonbreaking space 274
- Create a table from scratch 276
- Embed a table within a table 277
- Add text to a table 278
- Add graphics to a table 278
- Add table headers and footers 278
- Remove header or footer rows 279
- Select cells 280
- Select entire columns or rows 280
- Select the entire table 280
- Insert a row 281
- Insert a column 281
- Navigate within a table 282
- Move within a table using Tab 283
- Combine tables 284
- Formatting tables 285
- Resize columns and rows 286
- Resize the entire table 286
- Break tables across frames 287
- Add text before a table 287
- Format text within a table 287
- Insert tabs into a table cell 288
- Rotate text in a cell 288
- Change cell inset spacing 288
- Merge cells 289
- Unmerge cells 289
- Split cells 289
- Clip an image in a cell 289
- Table strokes and fills 290
- Add a fill to cells 291
- Add a gradient to cells 291
- Add diagonal lines to a cell 292
- Table stroke and fill options 292
- Table and cell styles 293
- Define table and cell styles 295
- Apply table and cell styles 296
- Edit table and cell styles 296
- Delete table and cell styles 297
- Clear table or cell overrides 298
- Creating book files 299
- Save a book file 300
- Close a book file 300
- Remove book documents 300
- Replace book documents 300
- Select items to synchronize 301
- Synchronizing master pages 302
- Print or output a book file 304
- Creating a table of contents 305
- Generate a table of contents 306
- Create a TOC style 307
- Contents 308
- Update a table of contents 310
- Editing a table of contents 310
- Creating an index 311
- Index panel overview 312
- Add topics to the topics list 313
- Edit an index topic 314
- Add an index entry 314
- Edit an index entry 317
- Index formatting options 319
- Index with nested entries 320
- Sort order of Chinese indexes 322
- Delete index markers 323
- Capitalize index entries 323
- View markers 324
- Select markers 324
- Chapter 11: Drawing 325
- Draw basic lines and shapes 328
- Draw a placeholder shape 328
- Specify polygon settings 328
- Drawing with the Pencil tool 329
- Drawing with the Pen tool 331
- Draw curves with the Pen tool 332
- Finish drawing a path 334
- Select anchor points 336
- Select path segments 336
- Copy a path 336
- Move straight segments 337
- Delete a segment 337
- Extend an open path 338
- Connect two open paths 338
- Add or delete anchor points 339
- Split a path 341
- Smooth out paths 341
- Set Position tool options 343
- Stroke panel options 344
- Add start and end shapes 345
- Define custom stroke styles 346
- Save a custom stroke style 347
- To load a custom stroke style 347
- Apply corner effects 348
- Create a compound path 349
- Break up a compound path 350
- Create compound shapes 351
- Create a compound shape 352
- Chapter 12: Graphics 354
- About bitmap images 355
- Importing PDF pages 359
- TIFF (.tif) files 360
- JPEG (.jpg) files 361
- Bitmap (.bmp) files 361
- Macintosh PICT (.pict) files 362
- PCX (.pcx) files 362
- Scitex CT (.sct) files 363
- Import options for graphics 364
- Bitmap import options 365
- Place multiple graphics 368
- Set layer visibility 369
- Copy and paste graphics 371
- Drag and drop graphics 371
- Display performance options 373
- Managing graphics links 374
- Graphics 375
- Use the Links panel 376
- Work with Links panel columns 376
- Display link information 376
- Embed a linked file 377
- Unembed a linked file 377
- Update modified links 378
- Restore missing links 378
- Find missing links 379
- Relink to a different folder 379
- Copy the link pathname 380
- Create snippets 381
- Add snippets to a document 381
- Choose how to place snippets 382
- Create an object library 383
- Open an existing library 383
- Close a library 383
- Delete a library 383
- Manage library objects 384
- ❖ Do any of the following: 385
- Selecting objects 386
- Select a bounding box 387
- Select text inside a frame 388
- Select multiple objects 389
- Unable to select objects 389
- Selecting nested objects 390
- Selection options 391
- Display the Transform panel 392
- ❖ Do one of the following: 393
- Frames and objects 395
- Transform objects 396
- Rotate objects 398
- Move objects 399
- Scaling vs. resizing objects 401
- Resize objects 402
- Scale objects 403
- Reset scaling value to 100% 405
- Shear an object 406
- Repeat transformations 407
- Clear transformations 407
- Align panel overview 408
- Align or distribute objects 408
- 4 Do one of the following: 409
- Group or ungroup objects 411
- Lock or unlock objects 411
- Duplicate objects 412
- Create nonprinting objects 412
- Paste an object into a frame 413
- Remove a frame’s content 413
- Fit an object to its frame 414
- Set frame fitting options 415
- Crop or mask objects 417
- Clipping paths 418
- Clipping path options 419
- Adding transparency effects 422
- Display Effects panel options 423
- Edit a transparency effect 424
- Copy transparency effects 424
- Transparency effects 425
- Drop Shadow 426
- Inner Shadow 427
- Outer Glow 427
- Inner Glow 427
- Bevel and Emboss 427
- Basic Feather 428
- Directional Feather 428
- Gradient Feather 428
- Use Global Light 429
- Set the opacity of an object 429
- Blending mode options 431
- Isolate blending modes 433
- About flattening 434
- 2 Do one of the following: 435
- Flatten an individual spread 436
- Highlight (preview) options 437
- Chapter 15: Color 443
- About process colors 444
- Applying color 445
- Apply the last used color 446
- Remove fill or stroke color 447
- Edit the fill or stroke color 448
- Swatch types 450
- Customize swatch display 451
- Create a new color swatch 451
- Manage swatches 452
- Duplicate a swatch 453
- Edit a swatch 453
- Control swatch names 453
- Delete individual swatches 454
- Delete all unused swatches 454
- Merge swatches 454
- Import swatches 455
- About the Kuler panel 457
- Browse themes 457
- Working with themes 458
- About tints 459
- Create and edit tints 459
- Create an unnamed tint 460
- Create a gradient swatch 461
- Modify gradients 462
- Applying gradients to text 464
- Create a mixed ink swatch 465
- Create a mixed ink group 466
- Edit mixed ink swatches 466
- Delete mixed ink groups 467
- Chapter 16: Color management 469
- Do you need color management? 470
- Keeping colors consistent 471
- Set up color management 473
- Using a safe CMYK workflow 475
- Proofing colors 477
- Soft-proof presets 478
- Custom soft-proof options 478
- Soft-proof colors (Acrobat) 480
- Working with color profiles 482
- Install a color profile 484
- Embed a color profile 485
- Color settings 487
- Working space options 488
- Color conversion options 490
- About rendering intents 491
- Chapter 17: Trapping color 492
- About automatic trapping 493
- Trapping text 494
- Trap a document or book 495
- View trap preset settings 496
- Identify unused trap presets 496
- Duplicate a trap preset 497
- Delete a trap preset 497
- Trap widths 498
- Trap appearance 499
- Trap thresholds 499
- Trapping imported graphics 500
- About trapping black 501
- Adjust the trapping sequence 503
- Chapter 18: PDF 504
- Export a book to PDF 506
- Reducing the size of PDFs 506
- Load PDF presets 508
- Adobe PDF options 509
- About PDF/X standards 510
- PDF compatibility levels 510
- General options for PDFs 511
- Adding security to PDF files 516
- Security options for PDFs 516
- Structuring PDFs 520
- Tag page items automatically 523
- Tag page items manually 524
- Chapter 19: Dynamic documents 526
- SWF export 527
- XFL export 529
- Flash export issues 530
- Dynamic PDF documents 531
- Bookmarks 532
- Rename a bookmark 533
- Delete a bookmark 533
- Hyperlinks 534
- Open the Hyperlinks panel 535
- Create a hyperlink to a file 536
- Create a hyperlink to a page 536
- Hyperlink appearance options 538
- Edit hyperlinks 538
- Delete hyperlinks 539
- Rename a hyperlink source 539
- Reset or update hyperlinks 539
- Cross-references 540
- Using cross-reference formats 541
- Dynamic documents 544
- Update cross-references 545
- Relink cross-references 545
- Edit cross-references 546
- Delete cross-references 546
- Add a movie or a sound file 547
- Adding SWF files in InDesign 548
- Movie options 548
- Sound options 549
- Poster options 549
- Page transitions 551
- Clear transitions 552
- Create a button 553
- Convert a button to an object 554
- Add actions to buttons 555
- Event types 556
- Action types 556
- Edit or delete button actions 556
- Create jumps to text anchors 557
- Delete and disable states 558
- Create button hot spots 559
- Hiding and printing buttons 560
- Chapter 20: XML 561
- XML tools 562
- About DTD files 563
- XML rule sets 563
- Importing XML 564
- About merging 566
- Import and append XML data 566
- Lay out XML manually 567
- Map XML tags to styles 567
- About automatic layout 568
- Working with repeating data 569
- Create a placeholder frame 570
- Create a placeholder table 571
- Create placeholder text 572
- Import and merge XML 573
- XML Import options 574
- Create an XML tag 575
- Change tag name or color 576
- Tag frames manually 577
- Tag text in tables 578
- Untag an item 579
- Retag items 579
- Structuring documents for XML 580
- Use the Structure pane 581
- Structure pane icons 581
- Rearrange structured elements 582
- Insert a parent element 583
- Work with attributes 583
- Add an attribute 584
- Edit or delete an attribute 584
- Edit href attributes 585
- Add a comment 586
- Add a processing instruction 586
- Load a DTD file 587
- View a DTD file 587
- Delete a DTD file 588
- Validate XML structure 588
- Save tags only as XML 590
- Edit an exported XML file 590
- Chapter 21: Printing 591
- Page printing options 592
- Options for printing objects 593
- Specifying pages to print 594
- Specify a custom paper size 596
- Print as bitmap 597
- Preview documents 598
- About printer drivers 599
- Select a PPD file 600
- Create print presets 600
- Apply print presets 600
- Edit print presets 601
- Delete print presets 601
- Marks and Bleed options 602
- Print thumbnails 603
- Printing oversized documents 603
- Tile a document 603
- Tile a document automatically 604
- Tile a document manually 604
- Scale a document manually 605
- PostScript printing options 606
- Options for omitting graphics 606
- Managing color 607
- Print a hard proof 609
- Open the Preflight panel 611
- Define a preflight profile 612
- Embed and unembed profiles 612
- Export and load profiles 612
- Delete a profile 612
- Resolve errors 613
- Select a different profile 613
- Set Preflight options 614
- Save error report 614
- Package files 615
- Correct font errors 616
- Repair links and images 617
- Export pages in EPS format 620
- EPS export options 621
- Booklet types 622
- Printing 624
- Understanding creep 625
- 2 Do any of the following: 626
- Chapter 22: Color separations 627
- Outputting spot colors 628
- Printing a composite 629
- Preview color separations 630
- Preview separation plates 631
- Preview ink coverage 631
- Return to normal view 632
- Overprinting page items 633
- Overprint a stroke or fill 634
- Overprint a paragraph rule 634
- Open the Ink Manager 636
- Specify emulsion 639
- Specify the image exposure 639
- Proofing color separations 640
- Producing in-RIP separations 640
- Print or save separations 640
- Chapter 23: Automation 642
- Open the Scripts panel 643
- Open the Script Label panel 643
- Plug-ins 644
- Data merge 645
- Basic steps for merging data 646
- About data source files 647
- <<Company Name>> 648
- <<Address>> 648
- <<Photos>> 648
- Insert data fields 649
- Switching preview on or off 651
- Edit data field placeholders 651
- Set content placement options 651
- Merge records 652
- Merging to a PDF file 653
- InCopy and InDesign 655
- Managed files 658
- Local server workflow 659
- E-mail package workflow 660
- Workflow icons 661
- Sharing content 662
- Assignment files 663
- 2 Do either of the following: 666
- Assignment packages 667
- Cancel a package 668
- Update a package 668
- Open a package (InCopy) 669
- Check out content (InDesign) 670
- Check out content (InCopy) 670
- Update content 672
- Update the InDesign layout 673
- Check in content 674
- Save changes (InDesign) 674
- Adjusting your workflow 675
- Delete assignments (InDesign) 676
- Correct mistakes 676
- Add editorial notes 678
- Use Notes mode 678
- Manage notes 679
- Edit Notes preferences 679
- PageMaker menu commands 680
- PageMaker Edit menu commands 681
- PageMaker Type menu commands 682
- PageMaker View menu commands 684
- Default keyboard shortcuts 687
- Keys for transforming objects 689
- Keys for tables 690
- Keys for working with type 691
- Keys for working with XML 695
- Keys for indexing 695
- Keys for panels 695
- Keys for the Control panel 696
- Keys for the Tabs panel 698
- Keys for the Layers panel 698
- Keys for the Pages panel 698
- Keys for the Color panel 699
- Keys for the Swatches panel 699
- Keys for the Transform panel 700
- See SWOP standards 713
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